International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration (IJATEE) ISSN (P): 2394-5443 ISSN (O): 2394-7454 Vol - 8, Issue - 74, January 2021
  1. 1
    Google Scholar
Closed monitoring of Malaysia COVID-19 using SEIR compartmental model for first wave trajectory

Ramizi Mohamed, Zulkifli Mohd Nopiah and Raja Affendi Raja Ali

Abstract

Malaysia COVID-19 trend trajectory has shown significant improvement since Malaysia employed Movement Control Order (MCO) on 18th Mar 2020. Since then a modified compartmental Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious and Removed (SEIR) model has been developed to monitor closely the development on the epidemic. The model introduced early detection factor in order to measure the reliability of the strategy carried out. The closed monitoring is to estimate the current projection of Reproduction Number (R0), a number which a single infected person could outspread the virus to other people, and to forecast in the near future of the number of active cases for several days. This is to show that the strategy carried out by the Malaysian government in order to contain the outbreak whether or not has taken into effect within the period of the first wave of the outbreak. The observation carried out has found out that under the Enhanced MCO (EMCO) or the second MCO showed significant reduction in the number of active cases as well as R0. Not only that the early detection strategy carried out has shown significant improvement of 2.5 to 3.6 times higher than the first MCO.

Keyword

SEIR, Covid-19 trajectory, Transmission rate control parameters, Rapid test factor, Early detection strategy.

Cite this article

Mohamed R, Nopiah ZM, Ali RA

Refference

[1][1]Worldometer China. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/china/. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[2][2]Leung K, Wu JT, Liu D, Leung GM. First-wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modelling impact assessment. The Lancet. 2020;395(10233):1382-93.

[3][3]https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/07/asia/coronavirus-wuhan-lockdown-lifted-intl-hnk/index.html. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[4][4]https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/07/world/asia/wuhan-coronavirus.html. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[5][5]Times F. Coronavirus tracked: the latest figures as the pandemic spreads. Financial Times. 2020.

[6][6]https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/south-korea/. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[7][7]Aylward B, Liang W. Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease. 2019.

[8][8]Weiss P, Murdoch DR. Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19. The Lancet. 2020; 395(10229):1014-5.

[9][9]Vincent JL, Taccone FS. Understanding pathways to death in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020; 8(5):430-2.

[10][10]https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-cases/. Accessed 15 April 2020.

[11][11]https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/20/health/covid-19-recovery-rates-intl/index.html. Accessed 15 April 2020.

[12][12]Liu Y, Yan LM, Wan L, Xiang TX, Le A, Liu JM, et al. Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020; 20(6):656-7.

[13][13]Chen YC, Lu PE, Chang CS, Liu TH. A time-dependent SIR model for COVID-19 with undetectable infected persons. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering. 2020;7(4):3279-94.

[14][14]Peng L, Yang W, Zhang D, Zhuge C, Hong L. Epidemic analysis of COVID-19 in China by dynamical modeling. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.06563. 2020.

[15][15]Prem K, Liu Y, Russell TW, Kucharski AJ, Eggo RM, Davies N, et al. The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health. 2020; 5(5): 261-70.

[16][16]Yang Z, Zeng Z, Wang K, Wong SS, Liang W, Zanin M, et al. Modified SEIR and AI prediction of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in China under public health interventions. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2020; 12(3):165-74.

[17][17]Pandey G, Chaudhary P, Gupta R, Pal S. SEIR and regression model based COVID-19 outbreak predictions in India. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.00958. 2020.

[18][18]López L, Rodo X. A modified SEIR model to predict the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain and Italy: simulating control scenarios and multi-scale epidemics. SSRN. 2020.

[19][19]Syafruddin S, Noorani MS. SEIR model for transmission of dengue fever in Selangor Malaysia. In international journal of modern physics: conference series 2012 (pp. 380-9).

[20][20]Syafruddin S, Noorani MS. SEIR model for transmission of dengue fever. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology. 2012; 2(5):341-5.

[21][21]Syafruddin S, Noorani MS. Lyapunov function of SIR and SEIR model for transmission of dengue fever disease. International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling. 2013; 8(2-3):177-84.

[22][22]https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/23-01-2020-statement-on-the-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). Accessed 16 April 2020.

[23][23]Zhao S, Lin Q, Ran J, Musa SS, Yang G, Wang W, et al. Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020; 92:214-7.

[24][24]Read JM, Bridgen JR, Cummings DA, Ho A, Jewell CP. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions. MedRxiv. 2020.

[25][25]Majumder M, Mandl KD. Early transmissibility assessment of a novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. SSRN. 2020.

[26][26]Imai N, Cori A, Dorigatti I, Baguelin M, Donnelly CA, Riley S, et al. Report 3: transmissibility of 2019-nCoV. Imperial College London. 2020.

[27][27]https://www.csis.org/programs/southeast-asia-program/southeast-asia-covid-19-tracker-0. Accessed 14 April 2020.

[28][28]https://www.mkn.gov.my/web/ms/covid-19/. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[29][29]http://www.moh.gov.my/index.php/pages/view/2019-ncov-wuhan. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[30][30]Dos Santos Benedito A, dos Santos FL. A novel technique to estimate biological parameters in an epidemiology problem. In international work-conference on artificial neural networks 2017 (pp. 112-22). Springer, Cham.

[31][31]http://people.duke.edu/~hpgavin/ce281/lm.pdf. Accessed 13 November 2020.

[32][32]Mohamed R, Markovsky I, Lewin PL. Modeling and parameter estimation of high voltage transformer using rational transfer function state space approach. In annual report conference on electrical insulation and dielectric phenomena 2008 (pp. 467-70). IEEE.

[33][33]Mohamed R, Lewin PL. Frequency domain modeling of high voltage transformers using a nonlinear least-square estimation technique. In international symposium on high voltage engineering 2009 (pp. 297-302).

[34][34]He D, Dushoff J, Day T, Ma J, Earn DJ. Inferring the causes of the three waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic in England and Wales. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2013; 280(1766):1-7.

[35][35]Qianying L. A conceptual model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action. International Journal of Infectious Disease. 2020; 93:211–6.

[36][36]Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, et al. The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2020; 172(9):577-82.

[37][37]Considerations for quarantine of individuals in the context of containment for coronavirus disease Guidance. World Health Organization. 2020.

[38][38]Zhang J, Litvinova M, Wang W, Wang Y, Deng X, Chen X, et al. Evolving epidemiology and transmission dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 outside Hubei province, China: a descriptive and modelling study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020; 20(7):793-802.

[39][39]Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2020; 395(10225):689-97.

[40][40]Anastassopoulou C, Russo L, Tsakris A, Siettos C. Data-based analysis, modelling and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak. PloS One. 2020; 15(3):1-21.

[41][41]Kratz P, Pardoux E, Kepgnou BS. Numerical methods in the context of compartmental models in epidemiology. ESAIM: Proceedings and Surveys. 2015; 48:169-89.

[42][42]Riou J, Althaus CL. Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), december 2019 to january 2020. Eurosurveillance. 2020; 25(4):1-5.

[43][43]https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/13/huge-rise-coronavirus-cases-raises-doubts-scale-epidemic-china. Accessed 19 October 2020.

[44][44]https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51482994. Accessed 13 February 2020.

[45][45]https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/wuhan-virus-hubei-new-cases-covid-19-coronavirus-new-method-12429726. Accessed 13 February 2020.

[46][46]https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/04/583127/sri-petaling-tabligh-gathering-remains-msias-largest-covid-19-cluster. Accessed 16 April 2020.

[47][47]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Malaysia_movement_control_order. Accessed 16 April 2020.